1 IBM PC Keyboard Converter
2 =========================
3 The converter translates IBM PC keyboard protocols to use classic keyboards with modern computer with USB ports.
4 It supports both IBM XT and AT protocols, and all of scan code set 1, 2 and 3 with one firmware.
6 This is not finish project and still work in progress as of 2019-12-02. Test in the field and feedback from users are needed to improve
8 This project is intended to integrated existent TMK XT, PS/2 and Terminal converters.
10 - IBM XT converter: https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=94649.0
11 - PS/2 converter: https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=14618.0
12 - IBM Terminal converter: http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=27272.0
18 - PC XT keyboard of IBM 5150 5160
19 - 83-key: 1501100 1501105
20 - PC AT keyboard of IBM 5170
21 - 84-key: 6450200 6450225
22 - PC Terminal keyboard of IBM 5271(3270 PC)
23 - 122-key: 6110344 6110345 1397000
24 - 102-key: 1390680 1395764 1392595
25 - PS/2 keyboards(AT+CodeSet2)
26 - Clones of above models
32 Firmware supports ATMega32u4 and ATMega32u2 by default, Teensy2 or ProMicro can be used.
33 Wire controller pins below to keyboard signals, besides VCC and GND. This is compatible for Soarer's converter.
37 - Reset PB6 or PB7 (For some of XT keyboards. Not needed for AT, PS/2 and Terminal)
39 Pull up resistors of 1-4.7K Ohm on both Data and Clock line are recommended, without them it won't work in some cases.
42 Old Type-1 IBM XT keyboard and some of XT clones need this to reset its controller on startup. Many of IBM XT keyboards available are Type-2 and don't need the reset pin.
44 See this for Type-1 vs Type-2:
45 https://vintagecomputer.ca/ibm-pc-model-f-keyboard-type-1-vs-type-2/
47 As for clones Zenith Z-150 XT and Leading Edge DC-2014 are known to need this.
51 - http://www.kbdbabel.org/conn/kbd_connector_ibmpc.png
52 - https://allpinouts.org/pinouts/connectors/input_device/keyboard-xt-5-pin/
55 - http://www.kbdbabel.org/conn/kbd_connector_ps2.png
56 - https://old.pinouts.ru/InputCables/KeyboardPC5_pinout.shtml
59 - https://pinouts.ru/InputCables/KeyboardPC6_pinout.shtml
62 - http://www.kbdbabel.org/conn/kbd_connector_ibmterm.png
63 - http://www.kbdbabel.org/conn/kbd_connector_ibm3179_318x_319x.png
69 https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/tree/master/converter/ibmpc_usb
76 $ cd converter/ibmpc_usb
82 Keyboard discrimination
83 -----------------------
84 This section explains how the converter determines proper protocol and scan code set for keyboard. The converter need to do that before starting to receive and translate scan codes from keyboard.
87 After startup the converter sends 0xF2 command to get keyboard ID and sees how the keyboard responds to the command.
89 Response from keyboard:
91 - XT keyboard doesn't support any command and returns no response.
92 - AT keyboard should respond with 0xFA to the command but returns no keyboard ID.
93 - PS/2 keyboard should respond with 0xFA to the command, followd by keyboard ID, such as 0xAB86.
94 - Terminal keyboard should respond with 0xFA to the command, followed by keyboard ID, such as 0xBFBF.
96 Now we can dscriminate the keyboard and determine suitable protocol and scan code set as described below.
99 - Signals from XT keyboard are recognized by XT protocol.
100 - Signals from AT, PS/2 and Terminal keyboard are recognized by AT protocol.
103 - Scan codes from XT keyboard are handled as CodeSet1.
104 - Scan codes from AT and PS/2 keyboard are handled as CodeSet2.
105 - Scan codes from Terminal keyhboard are handled as CodeSet3.
111 Use hid_listen to see debug outputs from the converter.
113 https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/hid_listen.html
119 IBM PC Keyboard Protocol Resources:
121 [a] [Microsoft USB HID to PS/2 Translation Table - Scan Code Set 1 and 2](
122 http://download.microsoft.com/download/1/6/1/161ba512-40e2-4cc9-843a-923143f3456c/translate.pdf)
124 [b] [Microsoft Keyboard Scan Code Specification - Special rules of Scan Code Set 1 and 2](
125 http://download.microsoft.com/download/1/6/1/161ba512-40e2-4cc9-843a-923143f3456c/scancode.doc)
127 [1] [PS/2 Reference Manuals - Collection of IBM Personal System/2 documents](
128 http://www.mcamafia.de/pdf/pdfref.htm)
130 [2] [Keyboard and Auxiliary Device Controller - Signal Timing and Format](
131 http://www.mcamafia.de/pdf/ibm_hitrc07.pdf)
133 [3] [Keyboards(101- and 102-key) - Keyboard Layout, Scan Code Set, POR, and Commands](
134 http://www.mcamafia.de/pdf/ibm_hitrc11.pdf)
136 [4] [IBM PC XT Keyboard Protocol](
137 https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki/IBM-PC-XT-Keyboard-Protocol)
139 [5] [IBM Keyboard Scan Code by John Elliott - 83-key, 84-key, 102-key and 122-key](
140 https://www.seasip.info/VintagePC/index.html)
142 [6] [IBM 1391406 Keyboard - Scan Code Set 2 of 102-key PS/2 keyboard](
143 https://www.seasip.info/VintagePC/ibm_1391406.html)
145 [7] [The IBM 6110344 Keyboard - Scan Code Set 3 of 122-key terminal keyboard](
146 https://www.seasip.info/VintagePC/ibm_6110344.html)
148 [y] [TrackPoint Engineering Specifications for version 3E](
149 https://web.archive.org/web/20100526161812/http://wwwcssrv.almaden.ibm.com/trackpoint/download.html)
151 [z] [Soarer's XT/AT/PS2/Terminal to USB converter](
152 https://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=17458.0)
158 ### Reset method for rescue
159 For converter without accesible reset button when magickey combo doesn't work.
161 Check pin status at powerup:
163 - if Data and/or Clock are pull down to GND
165 ### Force protocol and scan code set
166 Keyboard discrimination may fail and you have to configure them by hand.
168 ### Add AT90usb1286 support for Teensy2++