1 Keymap framework - how to define your keymap
2 ============================================
3 ***NOTE: This is not final version, may be inconsistent with source code and changed occasionally for a while.***
5 ## 0. Keymap and layers
6 The **keymap** is an array composed of one or more layers.
7 Each **layer** is an array of **keycodes**, defining **actions** for each physical key.
8 Layers can be activated and deactivated independently. Multiple layers may be active at once, resulting in the currently-active **layer state**. Each layer has an index between 0-31. As active layers are stacked together, higher layers take precedence over lower layers.
10 Keymap: 32 Layers Layer: Keycode matrix
11 ----------------- ---------------------
12 stack of layers array_of_keycode[row][column]
13 ____________ precedence _______________________
14 / / | high / ESC / F1 / F2 / F3 ....
15 31 /___________// | /-----/-----/-----/-----
16 30 /___________// | / TAB / Q / W / E ....
17 29 /___________/ | /-----/-----/-----/-----
18 : _:_:_:_:_:__ | : /LCtrl/ A / S / D ....
19 : / : : : : : / | : / : : : :
20 2 /___________// | 2 `--------------------------
21 1 /___________// | 1 `--------------------------
22 0 /___________/ V low 0 `--------------------------
24 **Note:** The keymap array is limited to **32 layers**.
29 The current keymap layer state is determined by two parameters: the *default layer*, and the individual *layer states*. Changing the default layer is useful for switching key layouts completely; for example, switching to Dvorak, Colemak or Workman instead of QWERTY. Individual layer states, on the other hand, can be used to overlay the base layer with other functions such as navigation keys, function keys (F1-F12), media keys or other actions.
31 Because the default layer is really just a special case affecting the overall layer state, it is important to first understand how the layer state is determined.
33 #### 0.1.1 The layer state
34 The **layer state** indicates the current on/off status of all layers. It is defined in the firmware by a 32-bit integer, `layer_state`, which stores each layer's on/off status in a single bit: 0 for off, 1 for on. As layers are activated and deactivated, their respective bits are flipped, changing the value of `layer_state`.
37 --------------------- bit|status
38 ____________ ---+------
40 30 /___________// -----> 30 | 1
41 29 /___________/ -----> 29 | 1
45 ,->1 /___________/ -----> 1 | 1
48 `--- default_layer = 1 |
49 layer_state = 0x60000002 <-'
51 #### 0.1.2 The default layer
52 The **default layer** is the base keymap layer (0-31) which is always active and considered the "bottom" of the stack. When the firmware boots, the default layer is the only active layer. It is set to layer 0 by default, though this can be changed ~~in *config.h*~~ via Boot Magic settings.
54 Initial state of Keymap Change base layout
55 ----------------------- ------------------
63 1 / / ,->1 /___________/
64 ,->0 /___________/ | 0
66 `--- default_layer = 0 `--- default_layer = 1
67 layer_state = 0x00000001 layer_state = 0x00000002
69 Note that the `default_layer_state` variable only determines the lowest value to which `layer_state` may be set, and that `default_layer_state` is used by the core firmware when determining the starting value of `layer_state` before applying changes. In other words, the default layer will *always* be set to *on* in `layer_state`.
71 The default layer is defined in the firmware by the `default_layer_state` variable, which is identical in format to the `layer_state` variable exlpained above. The value may be changed using the following functions:
73 - `default_layer_state_set(state)` sets the state to the specified 32-bit integer value.
74 - AND/OR/XOR functions set the state based on a boolean logic comparison between the current state and the specified 32-bit integer value:
75 - `default_layer_state_and(state)`
76 - `default_layer_state_or(state)`
77 - `default_layer_state_xor(state)`
79 For example, to set layer 3 as the default layer:
82 // convert 3 to a 32-bit unsigned long value, and set the default layer
83 default_layer_state_set(1UL<<3);
88 ### 0.2 Layer Precedence and Transparency
89 Note that ***higher layer has higher priority on stack of layers***, namely firmware falls down from top layer to bottom to look up keycode. Once it spots keycode other than **`KC_TRNS`**(transparent) on a layer it stops searching and lower layers aren't referred.
91 You can place `KC_TRNS` on overlay layer changes just part of layout to fall back on lower or base layer.
92 Key with `KC_TRANS` doesn't has its own keycode and refers to lower valid layers for keycode, instead.
96 ### 0.3 Keymap Example
97 Keymap is **`keymaps[]`** C array in fact and you can define layers in it with **`KEYMAP()`** C macro and keycodes. To use complex actions you need to define `Fn` keycode in **`fn_actions[]`** array.
99 This is a keymap example for [HHKB](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Hacking_Keyboard) keyboard.
100 This example has three layers, 'Qwerty' as base layer, 'Cursor' and 'Mousekey'.
103 `Fn0` is a **momentary layer switching** key, you can use keys on Cursor layer while holding the key.
105 `Fn1` is a momentary layer switching key with tapping feature, you can get semicolon **';'** with taping the key and switch layers while holding the key. The word **'tap'** or **'tapping'** mean to press and release a key quickly.
107 `Fn2` is a **toggle layer switch** key, you can stay switched layer after releasing the key unlike momentary switching.
109 You can find other keymap definitions in file `keymap.c` located on project directories.
111 static const uint8_t PROGMEM keymaps[][MATRIX_ROWS][MATRIX_COLS] = {
113 * ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
114 * |Esc| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 0| -| =| \| `|
115 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
116 * |Tab | Q| W| E| R| T| Y| U| I| O| P| [| ]|Backs|
117 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
118 * |Contro| A| S| D| F| G| H| J| K| L|Fn1| '|Enter |
119 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
120 * |Shift | Z| X| C| V| B| N| M| ,| .| /|Shift |Fn0|
121 * `-----------------------------------------------------------'
122 * |Gui|Alt |Space |Alt |Fn2|
123 * `-------------------------------------------'
125 KEYMAP(ESC, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, MINS,EQL, BSLS,GRV, \
126 TAB, Q, W, E, R, T, Y, U, I, O, P, LBRC,RBRC,BSPC, \
127 LCTL,A, S, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, FN1, QUOT,ENT, \
128 LSFT,Z, X, C, V, B, N, M, COMM,DOT, SLSH,RSFT,FN0, \
129 LGUI,LALT, SPC, RALT,FN2),
130 /* 1: Cursor(HHKB mode)
131 * ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
132 * |Pwr| F1| F2| F3| F4| F5| F6| F7| F8| F9|F10|F11|F12|Ins|Del|
133 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
134 * |Caps | | | | | | | |Psc|Slk|Pus|Up | |Backs|
135 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
136 * |Contro|VoD|VoU|Mut| | | *| /|Hom|PgU|Lef|Rig|Enter |
137 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
138 * |Shift | | | | | | +| -|End|PgD|Dow|Shift | |
139 * `-----------------------------------------------------------'
140 * |Gui |Alt |Space |Alt |Gui|
141 * `--------------------------------------------'
143 KEYMAP(PWR, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, INS, DEL, \
144 CAPS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,PSCR,SLCK,PAUS,UP, TRNS,BSPC, \
145 LCTL,VOLD,VOLU,MUTE,TRNS,TRNS,PAST,PSLS,HOME,PGUP,LEFT,RGHT,ENT, \
146 LSFT,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,PPLS,PMNS,END, PGDN,DOWN,RSFT,TRNS, \
147 LGUI,LALT, SPC, RALT,RGUI),
149 * ,-----------------------------------------------------------.
150 * |Esc| F1| F2| F3| F4| F5| F6| F7| F8| F9|F10|F11|F12|Ins|Del|
151 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
152 * |Tab | | | | | |MwL|MwD|MwU|MwR| | | |Backs|
153 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
154 * |Contro| | | | | |McL|McD|McU|McR| | |Return |
155 * |-----------------------------------------------------------|
156 * |Shift | | | | |Mb3|Mb2|Mb1|Mb4|Mb5| |Shift | |
157 * `-----------------------------------------------------------'
158 * |Gui |Alt |Mb1 |Alt | |
159 * `--------------------------------------------'
160 * Mc: Mouse Cursor / Mb: Mouse Button / Mw: Mouse Wheel
162 KEYMAP(ESC, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, INS, DEL, \
163 TAB, TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,WH_L,WH_D,WH_U,WH_R,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,BSPC, \
164 LCTL,TRNS,ACL0,ACL1,ACL2,TRNS,MS_L,MS_D,MS_U,MS_R,TRNS,QUOT,ENT, \
165 LSFT,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,TRNS,BTN3,BTN2,BTN1,BTN4,BTN5,SLSH,RSFT,TRNS, \
166 LGUI,LALT, BTN1, RALT,TRNS),
169 static const uint16_t PROGMEM fn_actions[] = {
170 ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(1), // FN0
171 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN), // FN1
172 ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(2), // FN2
179 See [`common/keycode.h`](../common/keycode.h) or keycode table below for the detail. Keycode is internal **8bit code** to indicate action performed on key in keymap. Keycode has `KC_` prefixed symbol respectively. Most of keycodes like `KC_A` have simple action registers key to host on press and unregister on release, while some of other keycodes has some special actions like `Fn` keys, Media control keys, System control keys and Mousekeys.
181 ***In `KEYMAP()` macro you should omit prefix part `KC_` of keycode to keep keymap compact.*** For example, just use `A` instead you place `KC_A` in `KEYMAP()`. Some keycodes has 4-letter **short name** in addition to descriptive name, you'll prefer short one in `KEYMAP()`.
184 - `KC_NO` for no action
185 - `KC_TRNS` for layer transparency (See above)
188 - `KC_A` to `KC_Z`, `KC_1` to `KC_0` for alpha numeric key
189 - `KC_MINS`, `KC_EQL`, `KC_GRV`, `KC_RBRC`, `KC_LBRC`, `KC_COMM`, `KC_DOT`, `KC_BSLS`, `KC_SLSH`, `KC_SCLN`, `KC_QUOT`
190 - `KC_ESC`, `KC_TAB`, `KC_SPC`, `KC_BSPC`, `KC_ENT`, `KC_DEL`, `KC_INS`
191 - `KC_UP`, `KC_DOWN`, `KC_RGHT`, `KC_LEFT`, `KC_PGUP`, `KC_PGDN`, `KC_HOME`, `KC_END`
192 - `KC_CAPS`, `KC_NLCK`, `KC_SLCK`, `KC_PSCR`, `KC_PAUS`, `KC_APP`, `KC_F1` to `KC_F24`
193 - `KC_P1` to `KC_P0`, `KC_PDOT`, `KC_PCMM`, `KC_PSLS`, `KC_PAST`, `KC_PMNS`, `KC_PPLS`, `KC_PEQL`, `KC_PENT` for keypad.
196 There are 8 modifiers which has discrimination between left and right.
198 - `KC_LCTL` and `KC_RCTL` for Control
199 - `KC_LSFT` and `KC_RSFT` for Shift
200 - `KC_LALT` and `KC_RALT` for Alt
201 - `KC_LGUI` and `KC_RGUI` for Windows key or Command key in Mac
204 - `KC_MS_U`, `KC_MS_D`, `KC_MS_L`, `KC_MS_R` for mouse cursor
205 - `KC_WH_U`, `KC_WH_D`, `KC_WH_L`, `KC_WH_R` for mouse wheel
206 - `KC_BTN1`, `KC_BTN2`, `KC_BTN3`, `KC_BTN4`, `KC_BTN5` for mouse buttons
208 ### 1.4 System & Media key
209 - `KC_PWR`, `KC_SLEP`, `KC_WAKE` for Power, Sleep, Wake
210 - `KC_MUTE`, `KC_VOLU`, `KC_VOLD` for audio volume control
211 - `KC_MNXT`, `KC_MPRV`, `KC_MSTP`, `KC_MPLY`, `KC_MSEL` for media control
212 - `KC_MAIL`, `KC_CALC`, `KC_MYCM` for application launch
213 - `KC_WSCH`, `KC_WHOM`, `KC_WBAK`, `KC_WFWD`, `KC_WSTP`, `KC_WREF`, `KC_WFAV` for web browser operation
216 `KC_FNnn` are keycodes for `Fn` key which not given any actions at the beginning unlike most of keycodes has its own inborn action. To use these keycodes in `KEYMAP()` you need to assign action you want at first. Action of `Fn` key is defined in `fn_actions[]` and its index of the array is identical with number part of `KC_FNnn`. Thus `KC_FN0` keycode indicates the action defined in first element of the array. ***32 `Fn` keys can be defined at most.***
218 ### 1.6 Keycode Table
219 See keycode table in [`doc/keycode.txt`](./keycode.txt) for description of keycodes.
221 In regard to implementation side most of keycodes are identical with [HID usage][HID_usage](pdf) sent to host for real and some virtual keycodes are defined to support special actions.
222 [HID_usage]: http://www.usb.org/developers/hidpage/Hut1_12v2.pdf
227 See [`common/action_code.h`](../common/action_code.h). Action is a **16bit code** and defines function to perform on events of a key like press, release, holding and tapping.
229 Most of keys just register 8bit scancode to host, but to support other complex features needs 16bit extended action codes internally. However, using 16bit action codes in keymap results in double size in memory compared to using just keycodes. To avoid this waste 8bit keycodes are used in `KEYMAP()` instead of action codes.
231 ***You can just use keycodes of `Normal key`, `Modifier`, `Mousekey` and `System & Media key` in keymap*** to indicate corresponding actions instead of using action codes. While ***to use other special actions you should use keycode of `Fn` key defined in `fn_actions[]`.***
235 This is a simple action that registers scancodes(HID usage in fact) to host on press event of key and unregister on release.
238 + **mods**: { ` MOD_LCTL`, ` MOD_LSFT`, ` MOD_LALT`, ` MOD_LGUI`,
239 ` MOD_RCTL`, ` MOD_RSFT`, ` MOD_RALT`, ` MOD_RGUI` }
243 #### 2.1.1 Normal key and Modifier
244 ***This action usually won't be used expressly in keymap*** because you can just use keycodes in `KEYMAP()` instead.
246 You can define these actions on *'A'* key and *'left shift'* modifier with:
251 #### 2.1.2 Modified key
252 This action is comprised of strokes of modifiers and a key. `Macro` action is needed if you want more complex key strokes.
254 Say you want to assign a key to `Shift + 1` to get character *'!'* or `Alt + Tab` to switch application windows.
256 ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LSFT, KC_1)
257 ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LALT, KC_TAB)
259 Or `Alt,Shift + Tab` can be defined. `ACTION_MODS_KEY(mods, key)` requires **4-bit modifier state** and a **keycode** as arguments. See `keycode.h` for `MOD_BIT()` macro.
261 ACTION_MODS_KEY(MOD_LALT | MOD_LSFT, KC_TAB)
263 #### 2.1.3 Multiple Modifiers
264 Registers multiple modifiers with pressing a key. To specify multiple modifiers use `|`.
266 ACTION_MODS(MOD_ALT | MOD_LSFT)
268 #### 2.1.3 Modifier with Tap key([Dual role][dual_role])
269 Works as a modifier key while holding, but registers a key on tap(press and release quickly).
272 ACTION_MODS_TAP_KEY(MOD_RCTL, KC_ENT)
277 These actions operate layers of keymap.
280 You can specify a **target layer** of action and **when the action is executed**. Some actions take a **bit value** for bitwise operation.
283 + **layer**: `0`-`31`
284 + **on**: { `ON_PRESS` | `ON_RELEASE` | `ON_BOTH` }
285 + **bits**: 4-bit value and 1-bit mask bit
288 #### 2.2.1 Default Layer
289 Default Layer is a layer which always is valid and referred to when actions is not defined on other overlay layers.
291 This sets Default Layer to given parameter `layer` and activate it.
293 ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_SET(layer)
297 Turns on `layer` momentarily while holding, in other words it activates when key is pressed and deactivate when released.
299 ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(layer)
302 #### 2.2.3 Toggle Switch
303 Turns on `layer` with first type(press and release) and turns off with next.
305 ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(layer)
308 #### 2.2.4 Momentary Switch with tap key
309 Turns on `layer` momentary while holding, but registers key on tap(press and release quickly).
311 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(layer, key)
314 #### 2.2.5 Momentary Switch with tap toggle
315 Turns on `layer` momentary while holding and toggles it with serial taps.
317 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(layer)
320 #### 2.2.6 Invert state of layer
321 Inverts current state of `layer`. If the layer is on it becomes off with this action.
323 ACTION_LAYER_INVERT(layer, on)
326 #### 2.2.7 Turn On layer
327 Turns on layer state.
329 ACTION_LAYER_ON(layer, on)
331 Turns on layer state on press and turns off on release.
333 ACTION_LAYER_ON_OFF(layer)
336 #### 2.2.8 Turn Off layer
337 Turns off layer state.
339 ACTION_LAYER_OFF(layer, on)
341 Turns off layer state on press and activates on release.
343 ACTION_LAYER_OFF_ON(layer)
348 `layer_state = (1<<layer) [layer: 0-31]`
350 ACTION_LAYER_SET(layer, on)
352 Turns on layer only and clear all layer on release..
354 ACTION_LAYER_SET_CLEAR(layer)
357 #### 2.2.10 Bitwise operation
359 **part** indicates which part of 32bit layer state(0-7). **bits** is 5-bit value. **on** indicates when the action is executed.
361 ACTION_LAYER_BIT_AND(part, bits, on)
362 ACTION_LAYER_BIT_OR(part, bits, on)
363 ACTION_LAYER_BIT_XOR(part, bits, on)
364 ACTION_LAYER_BIT_SET(part, bits, on)
366 These actions works with parameters as following code.
368 uint8_t shift = part*4;
369 uint32_t mask = (bits&0x10) ? ~(0xf<<shift) : 0;
370 uint32_t layer_state = layer_state <bitop> ((bits<<shift)|mask);
373 Default Layer also has bitwise operations, they are executed when key is released.
375 ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_AND(part, bits)
376 ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_OR(part, bits)
377 ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_XOR(part, bits)
378 ACTION_DEFAULT_LAYER_BIT_SET(part, bits)
385 `Macro` action indicates complex key strokes.
387 MACRO( D(LSHIFT), D(D), END )
388 MACRO( U(D), U(LSHIFT), END )
389 MACRO( I(255), T(H), T(E), T(L), T(L), W(255), T(O), END )
391 #### 2.3.1 Macro Commands
395 - **I()** change interval of stroke.
397 - **U()** release key
398 - **T()** type key(press and release)
400 - **SM()** store modifier state
401 - **RM()** restore modifier state
402 - **CM()** clear modifier state
408 const macro_t *action_get_macro(keyrecord_t *record, uint8_t id, uint8_t opt)
412 return (record->event.pressed ?
413 MACRO( I(0), T(H), T(E), T(L), T(L), W(255), T(O), END ) :
416 return (record->event.pressed ?
417 MACRO( D(LALT), D(TAB), END ) :
418 MACRO( U(TAB), END ));
426 ### 2.4 Function action
429 There are two type of action, normal `Function` and tappable `Function`.
430 These actions call user defined function with `id`, `opt`, and key event information as arguments.
433 To define normal `Function` action in keymap use this.
435 ACTION_FUNCTION(id, opt)
437 #### 2.4.2 Function with tap
438 To define tappable `Function` action in keymap use this.
440 ACTION_FUNCTION_TAP(id, opt)
442 #### 2.4.3 Implement user function
443 `Function` actions can be defined freely with C by user in callback function:
445 void keymap_call_function(keyrecord_t *event, uint8_t id, uint8_t opt)
447 This C function is called every time key is operated, argument `id` selects action to be performed and `opt` can be used for option. Function `id` can be 0-255 and `opt` can be 0-15.
449 `keyrecord_t` is comprised of key event and tap count. `keyevent_t` indicates which and when key is pressed or released. From `tap_count` you can know tap state, 0 means no tap. These information will be used in user function to decide how action of key is performed.
467 ***TODO: sample implementation***
468 See `keyboard/hhkb/keymap.c` for sample.
472 ### 2.5 Backlight Action
473 These actions control the backlight.
475 #### 2.5.1 Change backlight level
476 Increase backlight level.
478 ACTION_BACKLIGHT_INCREASE()
480 Decrease backlight level.
482 ACTION_BACKLIGHT_DECREASE()
484 Step through backlight levels.
486 ACTION_BACKLIGHT_STEP()
488 Turn a specific backlight level on or off.
490 ACTION_BACKLIGHT_LEVEL(1)
492 #### 2.5.2 Turn on / off backlight
493 Turn the backlight on and off without changing level.
495 ACTION_BACKLIGHT_TOGGLE()
499 ## 3. Layer switching Example
500 There are some ways to switch layer with 'Layer' actions.
502 ### 3.1 Momentary switching
503 Momentary switching changes layer only while holding Fn key.
505 This action makes 'Layer 1' active(valid) on key press event and inactive on release event. Namely you can overlay a layer on lower layers or default layer temporarily with this action.
507 ACTION_LAYER_MOMENTARY(1)
510 Note that after switching on press the actions on destination layer(Layer 1) are performed.
511 ***Thus you shall need to place an action to go back on destination layer***, or you will be stuck in destination layer without way to get back. Usually you need to place same action or 'KC_TRNS` on destination layer to get back.
514 ### 3.2 Toggle switching
515 Toggle switching performed after releasing a key. With this action you can keep staying on the destination layer until you type the key again to return.
517 This performs toggle switching action of 'Layer 2'.
519 ACTION_LAYER_TOGGLE(2)
523 ### 3.3 Momentary switching with Tap key
524 These actions switch a layer only while holding a key but register the key on tap. **Tap** means to press and release a key quickly.
526 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN)
528 With this you can place a layer switching action on normal key like ';' without losing its original key register function. This action allows you to have layer switching action without necessity of a dedicated key. It means you can have it even on home row of keyboard.
532 ### 3.4 Momentary switching with Tap Toggle
533 This switches layer only while holding a key but toggle layer with several taps. **Tap** means to press and release key quickly.
535 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(1)
537 Number of taps can be configured with `TAPPING_TOGGLE` in `config.h`, `5` by default.
541 ### 3.5 Momentary switching with Modifiers
542 This registers modifier key(s) simultaneously with layer switching.
544 ACTION_LAYER_MODS(2, MOD_LSFT | MOD_LALT)
549 Tapping is to press and release a key quickly. Tapping speed is determined with setting of `TAPPING_TERM`, which can be defined in `config.h`, 200ms by default.
552 This is a feature to assign normal key action and modifier including layer switching to just same one physical key. This is a kind of [Dual role key][dual_role]. It works as modifier when holding the key but registers normal key when tapping.
554 Modifier with tap key:
556 ACTION_MODS_TAP_KEY(MOD_RSFT, KC_GRV)
558 Layer switching with tap key:
560 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SCLN)
562 [dual_role]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier_key#Dual-role_keys
566 This is a feature to assign both toggle layer and momentary switch layer action to just same one physical key. It works as momentary layer switch when holding a key but toggle switch with several taps.
568 ACTION_LAYER_TAP_TOGGLE(1)
571 ### 4.3 Oneshot Modifier
572 This runs onetime effects which modify only on just one following key. It works as normal modifier key when holding down while oneshot modifier when tapping.
574 ACTION_MODS_ONESHOT(MOD_LSFT)
576 Say you want to type 'The', you have to push and hold Shift key before type 't' then release it before type 'h' and 'e', otherwise you'll get 'THe' or 'the' unintentionally. With Oneshot Modifier you can tap Shift then type 't', 'h' and 'e' normally, you don't need to holding Shift key properly here. This mean you can release Shift before 't' is pressed down.
578 Oneshot effect is cancel unless following key is pressed down within `ONESHOT_TIMEOUT` of `config.h`. No timeout when it is `0` or not defined.
581 ### 4.4 Tap Toggle Mods
582 Similar to layer tap toggle, this works as a momentary modifier when holding, but toggles on with several taps. A single tap will 'unstick' the modifier again.
584 ACTION_MODS_TAP_TOGGLE(MOD_LSFT)
590 This was used in prior version and still works due to legacy support code in `common/keymap.c`. Legacy keymap doesn't support many of features that new keymap offers. ***It is not recommended to use Legacy Keymap for new project.***
592 To enable Legacy Keymap support define this macro in `config.h`.
594 #define USE_LEGACY_KEYMAP
596 Legacy Keymap uses two arrays `fn_layer[]` and `fn_keycode[]` to define Fn key. The index of arrays corresponds with postfix number of `Fn` key. Array `fn_layer[]` indicates destination layer to switch and `fn_keycode[]` has keycodes to send when tapping `Fn` key.
598 In following setting example, `Fn0`, `Fn1` and `Fn2` switch layer to 1, 2 and 2 respectively. `Fn2` registers `Space` key when tapping while `Fn0` and `Fn1` doesn't send any key.
600 static const uint8_t PROGMEM fn_layer[] = {
606 static const uint8_t PROGMEM fn_keycode[] = {
616 is comprised of multiple layers.
618 is matrix of keycodes.
620 is physical button on keyboard or logical switch on software.
622 is codes used on firmware.
624 is a function assigned on a key.
625 ### layer transparency
626 Using transparent keycode one layer can refer key definition on other lower layer.
628 Top layer has higher precedence than lower layers.
630 is to press and release a key quickly.
632 is key which executes a special action like layer switching, mouse key, macro or etc.
634 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier_key#Dual-role_keys>